Gardens of Natural Delight
2007 Tour
"Camp Bartlett" on Willow Creek Headwaters

baldhip rose

Rosa gymnocarpa

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blue elderberry

Sambucus caerulea

Large deciduous shrub, also referred to as Sambucus mexicana. An important source of food for wildlife, such as deer, chipmunks, squirrels and bird species. Large, flattened clusters of white flowers appear from May to July; followed by blue berries with a whitish bloom that ripen in September. Leaves are divided into 5-9 leaflets. Drought tolerant.

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blue-eyed-grass

Sisyrinchium idahoense macounii

Also may be listed in nurseries as S. bellum or S. angustifolium. Blue-Eyed Grass is a showy, tufted perennial found in grassy meadows, vernal seeps or marshes. Blooms from May-July. This iris relative has dark blue-purple flowers with yellow ‘eyes’ in the center.

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candyflower/Siberian miner’s lettuce

Claytonia sibirica

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cascara

Rhamnus purshiana

A small, deciduous tree preferring moist, shady areas; a common understory tree along with Vine Maple and Red Alder. Smooth,
silver-grey bark and dark green, veined leaves provide ornamental interest. Berries are about 1/4” in size, ripen to black, and are attractive to raccoons and a variety of bird species.

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Full to Part Shade Moist Soil

30’ tall x 25’ wide

15’ tall x 10’ wide

common camas

Camassia quamash

Camas was one of the most important food staples of Native American tribes, who harvested the bulbs in great quantities. A erennial herb with a basal clump of grass-like leaves and violet-blue flower spikes on upright stalks. Blooms from April-June.
Traditionally found in wet grasslands and meadows. (Lily family).

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common snowberry

Symphoricarpos albus

This versatile deciduous shrub can be found growing in a wide variety of conditions. Leaves roughly oval, sometimes lobed and with a bluish-green color. Small, white or pink flowers from April to June, followed by showy white berries (poisonous to humans but an important winter food source for birds). May form thickets.

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Cooley’s Hedge Nettle

Stachys cooleyae

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Douglas-fir

Pseudotsuga menziesii

Douglas Fir is the most common evergreen in the Pacific Northwest. A fast growing tree with thick, ridged bark, often colonizing disturbed areas after fire. Needles are light green, up to 1 inch long. Distinctive 3-4” reddish cones hang down from the branches. Douglas Fir trees can live over 1,000 years.

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Full to Part Sun
Dry/Moist Soil

200’ tall x 60’ wide

40’ tall x 20’ wide

evening primrose

Cenothera biennis

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fairy bells

Disporum hookeri

Showy perennial with small, white bell-shaped flowers that appear in small, nodding groups from April to June. Flowers followed by bright orange-red berries. Fairybells is a member of the Lily family resembling
Smilacina but with branching stems. Found in moist coniferous or mixed forests. Grows from a slender rhizome.

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false Solomon’s seal

Smilacina racemosa

Woodland perennial with single, arching stalks; medium-green, oval leaves alternate along the stem. Creamy white flower panicle at end of stalk blooms from May to June and is followed by red berries favored by wildlife. Prefers loose soil rich with organic matter. Spreads by creeping rhizomes to form dense colonies.

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fringecup

Tellima grandiflora

A showy perennial found in the forest
understory; creeping rootstocks send up roundish, lobed leaves up to 4” across. Small, urn-shaped flowers are greenish-
yellow (aging to red) and distributed on tall stalks to 2-1/2 feet. Blooms April-June.

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fritalaria

Fritalaria

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hazelnut

Corylus avellana

Large, deciduous shrub producing edible
hazelnuts that are a favorite food source for squirrels. The nuts are found in clusters of 2-3 at the tips of branches, enclosed in fuzzy, pointed, beak-like husks. Showy catkins (male flowers) adorn the shrub in late winter before leaves emerge. Saw-toothed leaves turn yellow in the fall.

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heal-all

Prunella vulgaris

Fibrous-rooted perennial with showy purple flowers in a spike-like cluster. Blooms from May to July. The widespread traditional use of this plant for healing purposes gives rise
to the common name; used to treat cuts, bruises and skin inflammations. Commonly found at forest edges and moist clearings.

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lady fern

Athyrium felix-femina

Delicate, finely divided fronds grow vertically to 4-ft. or taller (fronds are fragile and easily broken - best placed away from foot traffic areas). A deciduous fern that can tolerate a considerable amount of sun if grown in wet soil. The species is commonly found in moist forests, thickets and swamps at all elevations in Western Cascadia.

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large leaved avens

Geum macrophyllum

Hairy perennial from short rhizomes; bright yellow flowers are 3/4” in size, have 5 petals, and bloom from May to July. Large-leaved Avens produces small, brown hooked seed capsules that catch easily on clothing and pets. Basal leaves are rounded and on stalks; stem leaves are nearly stalkless and deeply 3 lobed.

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maiden hair fern

Adiantum pedatum

Delicate, palmately-branched deciduous fern with distinct, shiny black stems. Found in shaded forest areas, often on stream-banks, cliffs and in the spray zones of waterfalls. Also known as A. aleuticum. Adiantum means ‘unwetted’; the foliage sheds rain.

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Full to Part Shade
Moist Soil

1’-2’ tall & wide

miner’s lettuce

Claytonia perfoliata

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monkey flower

Mimulus guttatus

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mountain sweet cicely

Osmorhiza chilensis

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oceanspray

Holodiscus discolor

Traditionally referred to as ‘ironwood’, the wood of this shrub is very strong and has been used for fish hooks, nails and knitting needles. A showy deciduous shrub producing large foamy-white flower clusters from June to August. Common in open woods, thickets, edges of ravines and coastal bluffs. Large, vase-shaped shrub with arching branches.

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Oregon ash

Fraxinus latifolia

Oregon Ash is often found growing in dense stands on soils that are seasonally flooded. Large tree with opposite, compound leaves that turn yellow in fall. Papery seeds occur in clusters and are produced in particularly large quantities at 3-5 year intervals. The bark of this deciduous tree becomes greyish-brown and fissured with age.

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Full to Part Sun
Moist/Wet Soil

75’ tall x 25’ wide

30’ tall x 15’ wide

Oregon white oak/
Garry oak

Quercas garryana

Broad deciduous tree forming picturesque outlines in open grasslands and dry hillsides of the Pacific Northwest. An extremely long-lived tree (500 years) producing large acorns that attract wildlife. Older trees provide
important nesting sites for birds, squirrels and other small animals. Deeply rounded Oak leaves approximately 4” long.

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Full Sun
Dry Soil

65’ tall x 45’ wide

10’ tall x 8’ wide

Pacific bleeding heart

Dicentra formosa

Native to moist woods and streams along the Pacific coast. Blue-green, finely divided
perennial leaves form a basal clump from which stalks with drooping clusters of flowers emerge. Blooms April-June. The heart shape of the pinkish-purple flowers gives rise to the common name.

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Full to Part Shade
Moist Soil

8”-18” tall & wide

red-flowering currant

Ribes sanguineum

Deciduous shrub with reddish-brown bark found in dry, open woods and thickets. Pale to deep pink flowers form a drooping, 2”-4” cluster, begin to appear in March and are a harbinger of spring. Important early food source for hummingbirds. Maple-shaped leaves are up to 2-1/2” wide.

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Full to Part Sun
Dry/Moist Soil

3’-9’ tall & wide

red-twigged dogwood

Cornus sericea

Also referred to as Cornus sericea or Redtwig Dogwood. A showy, deciduous shrub that can become quite large with age, often forming thickets in moist areas. Twigs are bright red in winter. Clusters of small white flowers in spring followed by bluish berries that are favored by birds. Brilliant fall foliage ranges from red to purple.

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redwood sorrel

Oxalis oregana

Showy perennial resembling clover; light green leaves provide contrast with other woodland plants. Small white to pale pink flowers with red veins bloom April to May. Oxalis suksdorfii is similar in appearance but has yellow flowers. Also referred to as Redwood Sorrel; a common understory plant in moist, forested areas.

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salal

Gaultheria shallon

Salal is an evergreen shrub that may form dense patches in drier coniferous forests. In full sun and dry soil, a tufted bank cover 1’-2’ tall; in shade and good soil, can reach 4’-5’ tall. Leathery, bright green leaves up to 4” long. Whitish-pink, bell-shaped flowers bloom from March-June and are followed by edible black berries (attracts birds).

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Full to Part Shade
Dry/Moist Soil


1’-5’ tall & wide

saskatoon/serviceberry

Amalanchier alnifolia

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sessile trilium

Trilium chloropetalum

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sword fern

Polystichum munitum

One of the most common ferns in our area; a large, tufted evergreen plant with leathery, shiny dark green fronds. This native is found in a variety of forest habitats and may form large thickets on north-facing slopes. Grows best in rich soil with organic matter; may eventually get quite large. Older plants may have 75-100 fronds.

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Full to Part Shade Dry/Moist Soil

2’-5’ tall & wide

tall Oregon grape

Mahonia aquifolium

State Flower of Oregon. To 6’ tall or more, generally forming erect colonies. Commonly found in drier (often rocky) forests. The stiff, evergreen leaves somewhat resemble holly with sharp, prickly edges. Bright yellow fragrant flower clusters appear March-June and are followed by blue berries resembling clusters of small grapes (attracts birds).

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Full to Part Sun
Dry/Moist Soil

5’-6’ tall & wide

thimbleberry

Rubus parviflorus

Deciduous shrub with large (up to 5” across) velvety leaves covered with fine hairs.
Thimbleberry is a bramble relative but has
no thorns; often forms dense thickets through an extensive network of rhizomes. White flowers followed by red, raspberry-
like edible berries.

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Full to Part Sun
Dry/Moist Soil

5’-6’ tall & wide

trailing blackberry

Rubus ursinus

Not to be confused with invasive Himalayan Blackberry (which has 5 rounded leaflets as opposed to 3 pointed leaflets). Trailing Blackberry is our only native blackberry, and provides small, delicious berries in late
summer. Common in dry, open forests and thickets; trails on ground but also climbs up shrubs (can be trained vertically).

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Full to Part Sun
Dry/Moist Soil

6”-12” tall, trails
to 15’ or more

trout lily

Erythronium americanum

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twinflower

Linnea borealis

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vine maple

Acer circinatum

Small, deciduous tree with striking fall color ranging from yellow to brilliant red. Form varies according to exposure; a compact, multi-stemmed tree in sun or an open, loose habit in the shady understory of conifers (branching like a ‘vine’ seeking sunlight). Can tolerate more sun if grown in wet soil.

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Full to Part Shade
Moist/Wet Soil

25’ tall x 20’ wide

15’ tall x 10’ wide

western meadowrue

Thalictrum occidentale

Perennial with attractive, finely-divided lobed leaves that are bluish-green in color. Foliage resembles that of Columbine. Male and female flowers on separate plants from April to July; flowers make loose clusters at the top of the plant. Found in open forests, thickets and meadows from lowlands to subalpine areas.

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Full to Part Shade
Moist Soil

18”-36” tall x wide

western redcedar

Thuja plicata

Common evergreen at lower elevations, can live to be 1,000 years old. Trunk becomes wide and fluted at base with age; reddish bark easily peels off in strips for basketry and clothing. Dark green, flat leaf sprays with overlapping scales. Tiny 1/2” cones look like small rosebuds. Swooping branches low to ground provide important wildlife habitat.

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Full to Part Sun
Moist/Wet Soil

100’ tall x 30’ wide

30’ tall x 10’ wide

western trumpet honeysuckle

Lonicera ciliosa

A climbing, widely branching vine with bright orange, trumpet-shaped flowers just above a pair a fused leaves. Blooms May-July. The twigs of this deciduous vines are hollow. Commonly found in forests, climbing up trees and shrubs and sometimes reaching heights of 20’ tall. Flowers attract hummingbirds.

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Full to Part Shade
Moist Soil

climbing to 15’-20’

wild cherry

Prunus serotina

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wild ginger

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willow

Salix sp.

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yellow wood violet/stream violet

Viola glabella

This showy perennial is a common sight in moist forests, clearings, and along streams. Small yellow flowers with purple veins bloom from April to July. Leaves are heart-shaped, pointed and up to 1-1/2” across. Spreads from a fleshy rhizome; often associated with Bleeding Heart, False Lily-of-the-Valley and Oxalis.

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Full to Part Shade

Moist/Wet Soil

4”-9” tall x wide

checker mallow/Oregon mallow

sidalcea

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